Toroids formed from augmented duals of uniform polyhedra

An interesting set of figures, a number of which are toroids, can be constructed from the duals of polyhedra with vertex figures of (m,n,m,n).  The simplest case is probably that derived from the cuboctahedron, vertex figure (4,3,4,3).  Take the dual of the cuboctahedron, the rhombic dodecahedron (model).  Augment all of its faces with prisms (model).  The 'V' shaped valleys in between the prisms can be filled with triangular prisms (model), these meet at the vertices of the original dual where they can be joined using tetrahedra and octahedra.  Remove the original dual, and the rhombic prisms to leave a toroidal figure with rhombic holes (model).

Dual
Augmented Dual
Compound of 3-gonal prisms
Final Figure 
Replacement of caps with pyramids

The above figure has been known for some time.  I believe however, that the three figures shown below are new.

If we refer to the above figure as [4,3],3, where [4,3] relates to a cuboctahedron and the last 3 refers to the triangular prisms, then we can refer to the general case as [m,n],p.  The original polyhedron has vertex figure of (m,n,m,n), p-gonal prisms are added, and the 'capping' polyhedra are pm and pn.

Remarkably, if we take the set of figures (3, 5, 5/2) these can be set into [m,n],p in any order. Three distinct figures result:

[3,5],5/2

The dual of the icosidodecahedron (the rhombic triacontahedron) is augmented, valleys filled with pentagrammic prisms, caps are small stellated dodecahedra and great stellated dodecahedra.

Dual
Augmented Dual
Compound of pentagrammic prisms  
Final Figure
Final Figure with dodecahedra highlighted

 

[5,5/2],3  

The dual of the dodecadodecahedron is augmented, valleys filled with triangular prisms, caps are icosahedra and great icosahedra.  (The image above shows the construction before the addition of the icosahedral caps).

Dual
Augmented Dual
Compound of triangular prisms  
Addition of great icosahedra only 
Final Figure 
Replacement of caps with pyramids

[3,5/2],5  

The dual of the great icosidodecahedron is augmented, valleys filled with pentagonal prisms, caps are dodecahedra and great dodecahedra.  (The image above shows the construction before the addition of the icosahedral caps).  Note that this example is not toroidal, at least not in the sense of having visible holes..

Dual
Augmented Dual
Compound of pentagonal prisms 
Addition of great dodecahedra only
Final Figure

[3,3],4

One further, simple figure is possible.  This can be thought of as the tetrahedral case, [3,3],4.  For this we have to regard the octahedron as a 'tetratetrahedron', it's dual is a cube.  This can be augmented with cubes, the valleys are filled with cubes and the caps are also cubes. The resulting toroid is shown above

Credits

The polyhedra on this page were initially generated using Robert Webb's Great Stella program and post-processed using HEDRON.

For users of Great Stella:  Stella files of all these polyhedra are included in this archive: dual-toroid.zip 

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